Association between high mobility group box-1 circulation level and Graves' ophthalmopathy

Background: Graves' disease is a prevalent autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism. Despite being widely recognized, the risk factors for its associated condition, ophthalmopathy, are not well understood. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), damage-associated molecular pattern biomarker, has been linked to diseases and may play role in ophthalmopathy. The aim of this study assess correlation between levels circulating HMGB1 occurrence ophthalmopathy (GO). Methods: This cross-sectional evaluated 44 recently diagnosed patients at Sardjito Hospital. The presence (GO) was determined using criteria set by Bartley Gormans. were measured blood both groups (22 GO 22 controls without GO) ELISA. Statistical analysis, including binomial logistic regression Mann-Whitney test, conducted analyze data adjust confounding with multinomial regression. Results: baseline characteristics non-GO similar, age (30.91±6.06 vs. 30.68±6.63 years, p>0.05), gender distribution (77.3% 81.8% female, 22.7% 18.2% male, duration diagnosis (5.13±2.21 4.82±1.89 months, p>0.05). However, significant difference (p<0.001) found HMGB1, having median value 15.49 pg/mL (5.12-47.59 pg/mL) compared 2.33 (0.82-15.66 control group. developing increased 12 times when Graves had above 8.86 pg/mL. Conclusion: association elevated (> an (12 times) Graves’ newly patients. results suggest be potential biomarker predicting development patients.